Noteworthy Decisions

You may access a copy of the Tribunal decisions included in the list below by visiting the following hyperlink: British Columbia – British Columbia Employment Standards Tribunal | CanLII. (On the CanLii website, the items in the list can be filtered by typing a decision name in the filter box.)

Note: ESA = Employment Standards ActESR = Employment Standards Regulation

  • Assessing grounds of appeal
    • BC EST # D141/03 Triple S. Transmission Inc.
  • Error in law
    • 1998 CanLII 6466 Gemex Developments Corp. v. British Columbia (Assessor of Area #12)
    • BC EST # D260/03 Britco Structures Ltd.
  • Jurisdictional Error
    • BC EST # RD317/03 J.C. Creations Ltd.
  • Natural justice – Bias
    • BC EST # D559/97 Milan Holdings Inc.
    • BC EST # D313/98 Director of Employment Standards (Milan Holdings Inc.)[Reconsideration refused]
  • Natural justice – Curing breach by Director of Employment Standards
    • 2010 BCCA 97 The Taiga Works Wilderness Equipment v. British Columbia [Director of Employment Standards]
  • Natural justice – Duty to disclose during investigation [s. 77 of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D043/16 Bernhausen Specialty Automotive Ltd.
  • Natural justice – Failure to consider evidence submitted
    • BC EST # D084/13 C and C Taxi Inc.
  • Natural justice – Fair hearing
    • BC EST # D130/04 Freney
    • BC EST # D161/05 Welch
    • BC EST # RD054/06 Inshalla Contracting Ltd.
    • BC EST # D014/14 AZ Plumbing and Gas Inc.
  • New evidence
    • BC EST # D171/03 Davies et al.
  • Ordering new complaint hearing
    • BC EST # RD115/09 Old Dutch Foods Ltd.
  • Particularizing grounds of appeal
    • BC EST # D041/06 683233 B.C. Ltd. et al.

  • Anonymization of reasons for decision [see Tribunal’s Privacy and Anonymization Policy]
    • 2021 BCEST 10 Employer
  • Appeal Record
    • BC EST # D100/04 Super Save Disposal Inc. and Actton Transport
    • BC EST # RD172/04 Super Save Disposal Inc. and Actton Transport Ltd. [Reconsideration refused]
    • BC EST # D057/12 United Specialty Products Ltd.
    • BC EST # RD100/15 The Director of Employment Standards (Pro-Truck Collision & Frame Repair Inc.)[Reconsideration Refused]
  • Appealing interim decision of the Director of Employment Standards
    • BC EST # D050/04 R.J. Somers Enterprises Ltd.
  • Burden of proof
    • BC EST # RD100/06 Cameron
  • Frivolous/vexatious appeals [ss. 114(1)(c)]
    • BC EST # D476/98 Brewer
  • Oral appeal hearings
    • BC EST # D266/00 D. Hall & Associates Ltd. [Reconsideration refused]
    • 2001 BCSC 575 D. Hall & Associates Ltd. v. Director of Employment Standards et al. [Judicial Review refused]
  • Persons entitled to appeal [“person named in a determination”, s. 81 of the ESA]
    • 2020 BCEST 90 Aquilini et al
    • 2021 BCEST 5 Retail Action Network and Gerrard
  • Recovery of Costs
    • BC EST # D104/09 Oster
  • Role of the Director of Employment Standards
    • BC EST # D050/96 BWI Business World Incorporated
    • BC EST # RD121/07 British Columbia Securities Commission [Reconsideration refused]
    • 2008 BCSC 1244 British Columbia Securities Commission v. Burke [Judicial Review refused]
  • Standing to appeal – Bankruptcy and Other Insolvency Proceedings
    • BC EST # D565/00 Coquihalla Towing Co. Ltd.
    • BC EST # D028/15 Varseveld and Varseveld
    • 2019 BCEST 139 Fleischeuer and Fleischeuer
    • 2020 BCEST 22 Fleischeuer and Fleischeuer [Reconsideration refused]
  • Stay of Appeal Proceedings
    • BC EST # RD012/13 Pioneer Distributors Ltd. [Reconsideration refused]
  • Summary dismissal [ss.114(1)(c) of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D279/01 Provident Security and Event Management Corp.
    • BC EST # D343/02 Upton
  • Tribunal adjudicating new issues on appeal
    • 2020 BCEST 30 The Director of Employment Standards [OE Construction Solutions Inc.]

  • Expert Evidence
    • BC EST # D551/01 Jim Pattison Industries Ltd.
    • BC EST # RD092/02 Jim Pattison Industries Ltd. [Reconsideration refused]
  • Hearsay evidence
    • BC EST # RD021/05 D’Hondt
  • Recording of factfinding meeting
    • BC EST # D061/13 Spes
  • Third party submissions (interveners) [s. 103 of the ESA; s. 33 of the Administrative Tribunals Act]
    • 2020 BCEST 12 Director of Employment Standards and Construction & Specialized Workers’ Union, Local 1611
    • 2020 BCEST 118 Lower Mainland Society for Community Living
  • Transcripts – complaint hearing
    • BC EST # D128/11 Wosk

  • Applications to extend appeal period [s. 109(1)(b) of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D099/96 Niemisto
    • 2013 BCSC 1499 Gorenshtein v. British Columbia (Employment Standards Tribunal)
    • BC EST # RD116/15 24/7 Excavating Ltd.
    • 2020 BCEST 39 Yang
  • Calculation of the appeal period – deemed service provisions [s. 122 of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D108/04 Diamond
    • BC EST # D206/04 Nature’s Choice Foods Ltd.

  • Common control of direction
    • BC EST # RD106/10 Carestation Health Centres et al.
  • Financial support by related firm
    • 1994 CanLII 168 Remko’b Investments Ltd. v. British Columbia (Director of Employment Standards)
    • 1998 CanLII 6454 Ewachniuk v. British Columbia (Director of Employment Standards)
  • Integrated business operations
    • 2004 BCSC 508 Bartholomay v. Sportica Internet Technologies Inc. et al.
  • Interpretive approach
    • BC EST # D015/11 0708964 B.C. Ltd.
    • BC EST # D017/17 San Bao Investment Inc.
    • BC EST # D124/17 Beach Place Ventures Ltd. and Black Top Cabs Ltd. (see also 2019 BCEST 23 Beach Place Ventures Ltd. and Black Top Cabs Ltd.)

  • Investigation versus oral hearing
    • BC EST # D033/06 Whitaker Consulting Ltd.
    • BC EST # D022/12 Metasoft Systems Inc.
    • BC EST # RD082/13 The Director of Employment Standards and Sarmiento
  • Investigation without a complaint
    • BC EST # D103/14 Director of Employment Standards (0862284 B.C. Ltd.)
  • Parallel court proceedings
  • Settlement agreements
    • BC EST # D131/03 Fraese
    • BC EST # RD003/04 Bellman
    • 2006 BCSC 426 [Judicial Review refused] Bellman v. HMTQ et al.
  • Time limit for filing [s. 74(3) of the ESA]
    • 2007 BCCA 553 Karbalaeiali v. British Columbia (Employment Standards)

  • Interpreters
    • BC EST # D082/16 Chang and Vuong
  • Parties’ conduct at the hearing
    • BC EST # D003/17 Witmar Developments Ltd.
    • BC EST # RD026/17 Witmar Developments Ltd. [Reconsideration refused]
  • Teleconference hearings
    • BC EST # D082/16 Chang and Vuong

  • Assessment of evidence
    • BC EST # RD082/13 The Director of Employment Standards and Sarmiento
  • Delay in issuing
    • BC EST # D511/01 Tung
  • Duty to hear respondent [s. 77 of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D178/03 Fleming Financial Corp.
  • Issue estoppel (relitigating the same issue in another forum)
    • 2016 BCCA 457 Gorenshtein v. British Columbia (Employment Standards Tribunal)
  • Sufficiency of reasons
    • BC EST # RD070/09 New Vision Enterprises Ltd.
  • Technical irregularities [s. 123 of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D592/01 Mission Bingo Association

  • Employment outside BC
    • BC EST # D463/97 Can-Achieve Consultants Ltd.
    • BC EST # D096/05 Sagoo
  • Exclusive jurisdiction – ESA claims
  • Jurisdiction – division of powers
    • BC EST # RD065/09 Canwood International Inc. and Matkin
    • 2012 BCSC 578 Canwood International Inc. v. Bork [Judicial Review refused]
    • 2013 BCCA 96 Canwood International Inc. v. Bork [Appeal dismissed]
    • 2013 CanLII 45852 Canwood International Inc. v. Bork [Leave to appeal to Supreme Court of Canada refused]
    • BC EST # D128/05 Super Save Disposal Inc.
    • 2008 BCSC 1495 Actton Transport Ltd. v. British Columbia (Employment Standards) [Judicial Review refused]
    • 2010 BCCA 272 Actton Transport Ltd. v. British Columbia (Employment Standards) [Appeal dismissed]
    • BC EST # D024/14 ICN Consulting Inc.
    • BC EST # RD129/14 ICN Consulting Inc. [Reconsideration refused]
    • BCSC Vancouver Registry No. S151147 ICN Consulting Inc. [Judicial Review refused]
  • Jurisdiction – Unionized workplaces [ss. 3(7) and 76(3)(h) of the ESA]
    • 2020 BCEST 12 The Director of Employment Standards and Construction & Specialized Workers’ Union, Local 1611
  • Statutory discretion
    • BC EST # D001/09 B. & C. List (1982) Ltd.
    • BC EST # RD039/09 McGillis [Reconsideration refused]

  • Directors of federally incorporated corporations
    • BC EST # RD032/17 Gibson
  • Exclusive enforcement jurisdiction of Director of Employment Standards
  • Issue estoppel – prior wage determination
    • BC EST # D076/07 Neudorf
  • Liability for arbitration award issued against employer [s. 3(8) of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D127/15 Huska
  • Proof of status as director or officer
    • BC EST # RD047/01 Director of Employment Standards (Michalkovic)
    • BC EST # D095/11 Moore
    • BC EST # D050/13 Barahmand
    • BC EST # RD072/13 Barahmand [Reconsideration refused]
    • BC EST # D073/14 Koka
    • BC EST # D094/15 Harrison
  • Opportunity to respond prior to issuance of determination
    • BC EST # D007/16 Noel-Steeves
  • Proof of resignation
    • BC EST # D073/14 Koka
  • Statutory defences
    • BC EST # D090/00 Archibald
    • BC EST # D171/03 Davies et al.
    • BC EST # D093/04 Ogden
  • 2-month liability ceiling
    • BC EST # D007/08 Smith
    • BC EST # RD065/09 Canwood International Inc. and Matkin

  • Determining the employment relationship
    • BC EST # D026/12 North Delta Real Hot Yoga Ltd.
    • BC EST # D076/17 Wei
    • 2019 BCEST 61 Beach Place Ventures and Black Top Cabs Ltd.
  • “Domestic” [s. 14 of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D317/00 Folch
  • Employee on injury/illness leave
    • BC EST # D055/17 Mainland Demo Contracting Ltd.
  • “Farm worker” [s. 1(1) of the ESR]
    • BC EST # RD123/17 Anthony
    • 2021 BCEST 6 Lazy F-D Ranches & Hay Sales Ltd.
  • “Fisher” [s. 1(1) of the ESR]
    • 2021 BCEST 18 Arctic Pearl Fishing Ltd.
  • “High technology professional” [s. 37.8(1) of the ESR]
    • 2019 BCEST 106 OE Construction Solutions Inc.
    • 2020 BCEST 30 The Director of Employment Standards (OE Construction Solutions Inc.) [Reconsideration granted]
  • Hiring children [s. 9 of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D115/07 Bhuller and Bhuller
  • Licensed professionals
    • BC EST # D013/09 Mollenhauer
    • BC EST # RD037/09 Mollenhauer [Reconsideration refused]
  • “Live-in home support worker” [s. 1(1) of the ESR]
    • 2020 BCEST 42 LMSCL Lower Mainland Society for Community Living
    • 2020 BCEST 118 LMSCL Lower Mainland Society for Community Living [Reconsideration refused]
  • Probationary employees
    • BC EST # D059/15 K & R Poultry Ltd.
  • “Resident caretaker” [s. 1(1) of the ESR]
    • 2018 BCEST 83 La
  • “Sitter” [s. 1(1) of the ESR]
    • BC EST # D139/16 The Cambie Malone’s Corporation
  • Trainees
    • BC EST # D433/98 City of Surrey
    • 2020 BCEST 135 Paladin Security Group Ltd.
  • Versus corporate director
    • BC EST # D559/98 The Director of Employment Standards (Annable)
  • Versus independent contractor
    • BC EST # D468/00 Godding
    • 2003 BCSC 193 Godding v. Employment Standards Branch [Judicial Review refused]
    • BC EST # RD126/12 United Specialty Products Ltd.
    • BC EST # D011/14 Regent Christian Academy Society
    • BC EST # D109/14 Zip Cartage
    • BC EST # RD005/15 Zip Cartage [Reconsideration refused]
  • Versus partnership/key shareholder
    • BC EST # D466/00 Dunn
    • BC EST # D058/13 Haftlang
  • Versus volunteer
    • BC EST # D447/97 West Vancouver Notes & Crafts Society
    • 2018 BCEST 11 Venables

  • “Controlling mind
    • BC EST # D183/97 McPhee
  • Franchise operations
    • BC EST # D007/09 FS Food Equipment & Operating Inc.
  • Identifying the “true employer”
    • BC EST # D024/16 Kranz Investments Ltd.

  • Fees and payments
    • BC EST # RD106/09 Prince George Nannies and Caregivers Ltd.
    • 2010 BCSC 883 Prince George Nannies and Caregivers Ltd. v. British Columbia (Employment Standards Tribunal) [Judicial Review refused]

  • Interpretive principles
    • 2020 BCEST 90 Aquilini et al.

  • Interpretive principles
    • BC EST # D110/00 Parsons
    • BC EST # D513/00 BLG – Business Loan Group Inc. [Reconsideration refused]
  • Representations contained in employment contracts
    • 2020 BCEST 90 Aquilini et al.

  • Duties and responsibilities
    • BC EST # RD125/07 Super Sandhu Ent. Ltd.
    • BC EST # D003/08 RB Farm Contracting Ltd.
  • Licensing
    • BC EST # D104/10 Preet Farm Contractors Ltd.
    • BC EST # D056/11 Earlco Holdings Ltd.
    • BC EST # D024/13 Sumas Valley Berry Farm Ltd.

  • Director/officer liability for hiring fees
    • BC EST # RD065/16 Tagirova and Baranova
  • Representations contained in employment contracts
    • 2020 BCEST 90 Aquilini et al.

  • Excessive hours [s. 39 of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D071/10 Johnston
  • Meal breaks [s. 32 of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D570/98 Specialty Motor Cars (1970) Ltd. and Reid
  • Minimum daily hours [s. 34 of the ESA]
    • BC EST # RD094/11 Hills
  • Split shifts [s. 33 of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D287/97 Schutt and Schutt

  • Bereavement leave [s. 53 of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D160/99 G.C. Auto Supplies Ltd.
  • Employee’s disclosure obligations
    • BC EST # D307/00 Phillips
  • Employer’s duties [s. 54 of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D336/98 Capable Enterprises Ltd.
    • BC EST # D069/05 Mitchell
    • BC EST # RD010/15 Ma
    • 2021 BCEST 35 Northern Gold Foods Ltd.
  • Family responsibility leave [s. 52 of the ESA]
    • 2008 BCCA 403 West Fraser Mills Ltd. (Eurocan Pulp & Paper Co.) v. CEP, Local 298
  • Parental leave [s. 51 of the ESA]
    • BC EST # RD121/07 British Columbia Securities Commission
    • 2008 BCSC 1244 British Columbia Securities Commission v. Burke [Judicial Review refused]
  • Pregnancy leave [s. 50 of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D336/98 Capable Enterprises Ltd.
  • Wage increases during leave [s. 56(3) of the ESA]
    • 2013 BCCA 179 BCTF v. BCPSEA

  • Compensation principles
    • BC EST # D318/97 Afaga Beauty Service Ltd.
    • 2013 BCSC 1190 Roy v. Metasoft Systems Inc.
    • BC EST # D046/15 Hellmich
    • 2020 BCEST 4 Hamilton
  • Legal fees; aggravated and punitive damages
    • BC EST # D104/09 Oster

  • Definition
    • BC EST # RD137/05 J.P. Metal Masters 2000 Inc.
    • 2006 BCSC 928 J.P. Metal Masters 2000 Inc. v. Director of Employment Standards [Judicial Review refused]
    • BC EST # D078/12 Frontier-Kemper Constructors ULC
  • “Executive capacity”
    • BC EST # D026/10 Whitehall Bureau of Canada Ltd., BC EST # RD075/10 Whitehall Bureau of Canada Ltd. [Reconsideration refused]
  • Payment for excess hours worked
    • BC EST # RD236/02 Kamloops Golf & Country Club Limited
    • 2002 BCSC 1324 Kamloops Golf & Country Club Limited v. British Columbia (Director of Employment Standards)
    • BC EST # RD045/11 Higginson

  • Mandatory nature
    • BC EST # D011/06 537370 B.C. Ltd.
  • Person who “authorizes, permits or acquiesces” in corporate contravention
    • BC EST # D079/09 Dafoe
    • BC EST # D062/15 Pyper

  • Averaging agreements [s. 37 of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D063/17 Red Chris Development Company Ltd.
  • Daily versus weekly overtime
    • BC EST # D393/98 Sound Contracting Ltd.
  • Direct or indirect authorization to work overtime
    • BC EST # RD016/04 Director of Employment Standards (Small Town Press Ltd.)
  • Excessive hours [s. 39 of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D071/10 Johnston
  • Overtime banks [s. 42 of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D076/10 Chart Canada Corporation
  • Regulatory exclusions
    • BC EST # D014/15 Wichito Marine Services Ltd.
  • Time records
    • BC EST # D433/01 Kenny
    • BC EST # RD687/01 Croft [Reconsideration refused]

  • Analytical framework
    • BC EST # D313/98 Director of Employment Standards (Milan Holdings Inc.)
  • Late applications (ss. 109(1)(b) and 116(2.1) of the ESA)
    • BC EST # RD056/16 Onison (Canada) Corporation
  • Raising new issues
    • BC EST # RD116/03 Paradigm Management (B.C.) Ltd.
    • 2003 BCSC 1729 Paradigm Management (B.C.) Ltd. v. Employment Standards et al. [Judicial Review refused]

  • Failure to comply with directions
    • BC EST # D017/06 Wilkinson
  • Form of order [s. 115(1) of the ESA]
    • BC EST # RD038/17 Jordan Enterprises Limited
  • Inadequate investigation
    • BC EST # D034/15 Lusso Verde Fine Foods & Flowers Corporation
  • Referral back procedure
    • BC EST # D027/04 Hub-City Boat Yard Ltd.
  • Rehearing by new delegate
    • BC EST # RD115/09 Director of Employment Standards and Old Dutch Foods Ltd.

  • Interpretive principles
  • Proof of s. 83 contravention
    • BC EST # D534/02 Photogenis Digital Imaging Ltd.
  • Remedies
    • BC EST # D046/15 Hellmich

  • “Disposed of”
    • BC EST # RD107/98 Mitchell et al.
    • 1998 CanLII 3983 Mitchell v. British Columbia (Director of Employment Standards) [Judicial Review refused]
    • BC EST # RD119/12 Spirit Ridge Resort Holdings Ltd.
    • 2014 BCSC 2059 Spirit Ridge Resort Holdings v. British Columbia (Employment Standards Tribunal) [Judicial Review refused]
    • BC EST # D129/16 M3 Personnel Group Inc.
  • Employees terminated before disposition
    • BC EST # RD046/01 Director of Employment Standards (Valorosos)
  • Interpretive principles [successorship]
    • 1995 CanLII 439 Helping Hands Agency Ltd. v. British Columbia (Director of Employment Standards)
    • BC EST # D083/14 Strata Corporation NW 1018

  • Legal requirements
    • BC EST # D001/13 Holtsbaum

  • Dress codes
    • BC EST # D373/98 Y.M. Inc.
    • BC EST # D512/98 Y.M. Inc. [Reconsideration refused]
    • BC EST # D122/10 Dingman
  • Reimbursement for cleaning/repair
    • BC EST # D071/01 Westguard Security Services (1986) Inc.
    • 2020 BCEST 135 Paladin Security Group Ltd.

  • Form of payment
    • BC EST # D556/98 Sanpreet Enterprises Inc.
  • Part-time employees
    • BC EST # D087/13 A-Star Doors & Mouldings Ltd.
  • Versus regular wages
    • BC EST # D093/99 Knight Piesold Ltd.

  • Burden of proof
    • BC EST # D095/10 6673538 Canada Inc.
  • Deposit of letter of credit
    • BC EST # D306/99 Wen-Di Interiors Ltd.
  • Relevant considerations
    • BC EST # D090/10 Miller
    • BC EST # D013/13 The Piping Industry Apprenticeship Board
  • Suspension duration
    • BC EST # RD051/17 AltaStream Power Systems Inc. [see 2017 BCSC 1253 McMillan v. British Columbia (Employment Standards) and 2018 BCCA 233 McMillan v. British Columbia (Employment Standards) for further proceedings]
  • Suspension pending reconsideration
    • BC EST # D049/99 The City of Surrey

  • Fees and charges
    • BC EST # D017/15 L2 Talent Management Inc.
  • Licensing
    • BC EST # RD111/03 Silver Screen Talent and Entertainment Inc.

  • Authority to issue lawful temporary layoff notice
    • 2009 BCSC 1316 Besse v. Dr. A.S. Machner Inc.
    • 2014 BCSC 11 Hooge v. Gillwood Remanufacturing Inc.
    • BC EST # D072/17 Rennie Equipment Inc.

  • Abandonment of employment
    • BC EST # RD126/15 Director of Employment Standards (K & R Poultry Ltd.)
  • Calculation of compensation for length of service
    • BC EST # D017/14 BFI Canada Inc.
    • BC EST # RD065/17 AltaStream Power Systems Inc.
  • Casual employees
    • BC EST # D189/01 French
  • Compensation for length of service versus common law severance pay
    • BC EST # RD074/17 Director of Employment Standards (Black Press Group Ltd. carrying on business as The Nelson Star)
  • “Constructive dismissal” [s. 66 of the ESA]
    • BC EST # RD124/08 Isle Three Holdings Ltd.
    • 2020 BCEST 112 Kyah Development Corporation
  • Construction industry
    • BC EST # D087/08 Heron Construction & Millwork Ltd.
    • BC EST # RD113/08 Heron Construction & Millwork Ltd. [Reconsideration refused]
  • Employer bankruptcy
  • Fixed-term employees
    • BC EST # D166/02 Delphi International Academy et al.
    • BC EST # RD558/02 Delphi International Academy et al. [Reconsideration refused]
  • Group termination pay [s. 64 of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D464/99 I.W.A. Canada Local 1-3567
  • Just Cause – After acquired (discovered) cause
    • BC EST # RD074/17 Director of Employment Standards (Black Press Group Ltd. carrying on business as The Nelson Star)
  • Just Cause – Burden of proof
    • BC EST # D567/98 McCall Bros. Funeral Directors Ltd.
    • 2000 BCSC 1507 McCall Bros. Funeral Directors Ltd. v. Employment Standards et al. [Judicial Review refused]
  • Just Cause – Condonation [ss. 63(3)(c) of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D145/03 Haida Glass Ltd.
    • BC EST # D050/14 Le Soleil Hospitality Inc.
  • Just Cause – Conflict of Interest
    • BC EST # D027/13 Cornell Holdings Ltd.
  • Just Cause – Misconduct
    • BC EST # D154/03 J.M. Schneider Inc.
    • BC EST # RD149/16 Provident Security Corp.
    • 2018 BCEST 34 Jeffrey
  • Just Cause – Performance
    • BC EST # D374/97 Chamberlin and Chamberlin
  • Just Cause – Privacy Issues
    • BC EST # D123/14 Lindsay
    • 2015 BCCA 127 Steel v. Coast Capital Savings Credit Union
    • 2015 CanLII 58373 Steel v. Coast Capital Savings Credit Union [leave to appeal to Supreme Court of Canada refused]
  • Just Cause – Progressive discipline
    • BC EST # D090/14 J-W Research Ltd.
  • Just Cause – Proportionality Principle
    • BC EST # D041/13 3 Sees Holdings Ltd.
  • Just Cause – Repudiation
    • BC EST # D114/15 Clark Reefer Lines Ltd.
  • Mitigation
    • BC EST # RD641/01 B. & C. List (1982) Ltd.
  • “Reasonable alternative employment” [s. 65(1)(f) of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D031/08 Isle Three Holdings Ltd.
  • Termination agreements
    • BC EST #D140/16 Canadian Carpet and Tile – BC Inc.
  • “Unforseeable events” [s. 65(1)(d) of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D105/08 Mato’s Consulting Ltd.
    • BC EST # D131/15 Evans Bay Contracting Ltd.
    • 2021 BCEST 3 Bailey
  • Voluntary resignation (quit) [s. 63(3)(c) of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D091/96 Burnaby Select Taxi Ltd. & Zoltan T. Kiss
    • BC EST # D122/96 Burnaby Select Taxi Ltd. & Zoltan T. Kiss [Reconsideration refused]
    • BC EST # RD116/03 Paradigm Management (B.C.) Ltd.
    • 2003 BCSC 1729 Paradigm Management v. Employment Standards et al. [Judicial Review refused]

  • 4% versus 6%
    • 2019 BCEST 10 Director of Employment Standards (I.G. Publications)
  • Banking unused vacation entitlement/s. 58(2)(b) [ESA] agreements
    • BC EST # D095/12 Pioneer Distributors Ltd.
    • BC EST # RD012/13 Pioneer Distributors Ltd. [Reconsideration refused]
    • 2015 BCSC 461 Pioneer Distributors Ltd. v. Orr [Judicial Review refused]
  • Employer’s obligation to ensure vacation leave is taken
    • BC EST # D113/12 Metropolitan Fine Printers Inc.
    • BC EST # RD022/13 Metropolitan Fine Printers Inc. [Reconsideration refused]
  • Including vacation pay in commission rate
    • BC EST # RD348/01 Director of Employment Standards (VCR Print Company Ltd.)
    • 2003 BCSC 442 VCR Print Company Ltd. v. Employment Standards Tribunal [Judicial Review refused]
    • BC EST # D066/13 Brandt Tractor Ltd.
    • BC EST # RD042/17 Brandt Tractor Ltd.
  • Recovery beyond statutory minimum
    • BC EST # 104/14 IBM Canada Limited – IBM Canada Limitee
    • BC EST # RD012/15 IBM Canada Limited – IBM Canada Limitee [Reconsideration refused]

  • Application requirements
    • BC EST # D380/98 Hermit Holdings Ltd.
  • Director’s duty to explain refusal to grant variance
    • BC EST # D436/01 Victoria Confederation of Parent Advisory Councils
    • BC EST # D089/14 GoodLife Fitness Centres Inc.
  • Relevant considerations and governing principles
    • 2018 BCEST 63 Director of Employment Standards (Bayshore Healthcare Ltd.)

  • Complaint filed by current employee
    • 2010 BCSC 1169 Gulf Coast Materials Ltd. v. Helgesen (see also BC EST # D027/15 Gulf Coast Materials Ltd.)
  • Recovery period where no complaint filed [s. 80(1)(b) of the ESA]
    • BC EST # RD103/14 Director of Employment Standards (0862284 B.C. Ltd. and Bourassa)
  • Vacation “carry-forward” agreements
    • BC EST # D095/12 Pioneer Distributors Ltd.
    • BC EST # RD012/13 Pioneer Distributors Ltd. [Reconsideration refused]
    • 2015 BCSC 461 Pioneer Distributors Ltd. v. Orr [Judicial Review refused]

  • Bonuses
    • BC EST # RD488/01 Shell Canada Products Limited Produits Shell Limitee
    • BC EST # D134/14 Ali
    • BC EST # RD037/15 Ali [Reconsideration refused]
  • Commissions
    • BC EST # D033/04 Parcker
    • BC EST # D211/03 Park Lane Ventures Ltd.
    • BC EST # D003/09 Orca Security Corporation
    • 2015 BCCA 85 Skana Forest Products Ltd. v. Lazauskas
  • Deductions – commission earnings [s. 16(2) of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D002/16 MBCI Holdings Corp
  • Deductions – business costs [ss. 21(2) of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D082/03 Taylor
    • BC EST # D002/05 Nelson
  • Deductions – cash shortages/property damage [s. 21 of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D163/05 Prospect Import & Export Inc.
  • Deductions – tip pools [s. 21 of the ESA]
  • Deductions – wage overpayments [s. 21 of the ESA]
    • 2005 BCCA 343 Health Employers Association of B.C. v. B.C. Nurses’ Union
    • BC EST # D102/12 United Specialty Products Ltd.
    • BC EST # RD127/12 United Specialty Products Ltd. [Reconsideration refused]
  • Deductions – written assignments [s. 22 of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D018/10 Clements and Clements
  • Determination of the wage rate
    • BC EST # D112/14 Golubkov
  • Form of payment [s. 20 of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D328/03 AVT Audio Visual Telecommunications Corporation
    • BC EST # RD032/04 AVT Audio Visual Telecommunications Corporation [Reconsideration refused]
    • BC EST # D049/06 Belgrove Construction Ltd.
  • Gratuities [ss. 30.3 and 30.4 of the ESA]
    • 2021 BCEST 5 Retail Action Network and Gerrard
  • Interpretation and application of wage agreements
    • BC EST # RD065/17 AltaStream Power Systems Inc.
  • Minimum daily hours [s. 34 of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D138/15 Daniel J. Barker Law Corporation
  • Minimum wage [s. 16 of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D664/01 Lansdowne Barber Shops Ltd.
  • Paydays [s. 17 of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D087/06 Malkit Singh Enterprises Ltd.
  • Wage payment orders – statutory deductions and taxable benefits
    • BC EST # D073/15 Serendipity Winery Ltd.
  • Wage reduction agreements
    • BC EST # D026/14 Maksimovic
  • Wage statements
    • 2020 BCEST 38 Beejay Ventures Ltd.
    • 2020 BCEST 108 Beejay Ventures Ltd. [Reconsideration refused]

  • “Barter” agreements
    • BC EST # D665/01 Lombnes
  • Minimum daily pay [s. 34 of the ESA]
    • BC EST # D598/01 Lotte Enterprises Ltd.
  • Overtime pay [see Part 4 of the ESA]

  • “On call”
    • BC EST # RD094/11 Hills
    • 2020 BCEST 68 Penticton Sikh Temple and Indian Cultural Society
  • Travel time
    • BC EST # D208/97 Millar
    • BC EST # D018/13 Grand Construction Ltd.